A busca da sustentabilidade das pastagens no Assentamento Belo Horizonte I, São Domingos do Araguaia - PA

Abstract

The ranching in the Amazon area could become unsustainable due to several factors, including the management of pasture. The lack of control on consumption of fodder for cattle, especially in the family farm where there is a lack of financial resources and even lack of space for expansion of their creations, causing an excessive consuming of pasture, resulting in their degradation. In this situation not only consumption control of forages is necessary, but also practices that aim to recover, reform or even the renewal of grassland. This study seeks to identify and analyze different practices of recovery, reform-renewal of pastures considered degraded from the point of view of agriculture. The areas studied are located in family farms of the settlement Belo Horizonte 1, São Domingos do Araguaia, Pará. To identify the practices, we used interviews and direct observations. To analyze the practice efficiency we used the Phytologic Analysis Methods (DAGET; POISSSONET, 1971) to determine the pastures floristic composition in each piece of field studied, besides collecting samples of herbage. In this method, the pasture areas are classified according to their floristic composition, considering areas of grasses, legumes, adventitious plants and bare soil. This survey was conducted in two periods: rainy and dried weather. The results show that the efficiency of the practice is more related to the inputs used, especially the forage’s seeds (quality and species), than the method of area preparation itself. The reusing practice of abandoned pastures, more doubtful success, is its renovation, the slower result and less satisfying is the pastures recovery.